Разлике у мотивацији и физичком селф-концепту у односу на ниво физичке активности ученика млађег школског узраста

Слободан Љ. Павловић, Универзитет у Крагујевцу, Педагошки факултет у Ужицу, Ужице, Република Србија
Владан М. Пелемиш, Универзитет у Београду, Учитељски факултет, Београд, Република Србија, имејл: vladan.pelemis@uf.bg.ac.rs
Драган Б. Маринковић, Универзитет у Новом Саду, Факултет спорта и физичког васпитања, Нови Сад, Република Србија
Иновације у настави, XXXIII, 2020/3, стр. 58–71

| PDF | | Extended summary PDF |
doi: 10.5937/inovacije2003058P

 

Резиме: Одржавање квалитетне наставе физичког васпитања, каква је предвиђена наставним планом и програмом, свакодневно се сусреће са бројним проблемима и потешкоћама у реализацији. Важан предуслов да физичко васпитање заиста буде у функцији здравог одрастања и припреме ученика за активан животни стил јесте њихова пуна ангажованост и активност на часу физичког васпитања. Циљ овог истраживања био је утврђивање разлика у мотивацији и физичком селф-концепту ученика у односу на ниво њихове физичке активности на часу физичког васпитања. Истраживањем су обухваћена 423 ученика са територије града Ужица (старости 10±1,3 година), од чега 227 дечака и 196 девојчица, подељених у три групе према нивоу физичке активности на часу физичког васпитања (А – низак; Б – средњи; Ц – висок). За процену мотивационих оријентација ученика коришћен је модификовани Упитник саморегулације (енг. Self-Regulation Questionnaire) (Ryan & Connell, 1989), а за процену физичког селф-концепта коришћене су одговарајуће супскале мерног инструмента Self-perception Profile for Children (SPPC ‒ Harter, 1985; 2012). Физичка активност (обим (број корака) и интензитет) ученика на часу физичког васпитања мерена је помоћу педометара CoachGear и пулсметара Suunto Memory Belt. Приказани резултати указују на постојање значајних разлика између група испитаника оба пола у односу на ниво физичке активности ученика млађег школског узраста. На основу добијених налаза може се констатовати да су изражене разлике веће код дечака него код девојчица. Резултати објављени у овом истраживању подржавају већину добијених налаза који указују на разлике у мотивацији и физичком селф-концепту. Даље је утврђено да су мање активна деца генерално показала лошије нивое мотивисаности, али исто тако и вредности физичког селф-концепта. Аутори сматрају да се у планирању и програмирању наставе физичког васпитања мора ставити акценат на стварање повољне климе за реализацију наставе. Иницијално образовање учитеља и васпитача је неопходно иновирати у складу са новимзахтевима и очекивањима које друштво ставља пред школско физичко васпитање.

Кључне речи: Еуклидов индекс, физички селф-коцепт, кластер анализа, мотивациона оријентација ученика, настава физичког васпитања.

Summary:
Maintaining quality physical education classes, as provided for in the curriculum, encounters numerous problems and difficulties in implementation on a daily basis. Pupils’ full engagement and activity in the physical education class is an important precondition for physical education to really be in the function of healthy growing up and preparation of pupils for an active lifestyle. The aim of this research was to determine the differences in the motivation and physical self-concept of pupils relative to the level of their physical activity in the physical education class. The research included 423 students from the territory of the city of Užice (aged 10 ± 1.3 years), 227 boys and 196 girls, organized in three groups according to the level of physical activity in physical education class (A-low; B-medium; C- high). A modified Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Ryan & Connell, 1989) was used to assess pupils’ motivation orientations, and appropriate subscales of the Self-Perception Profile for Children measuring instrument (SPPC, Harter, 1985; rev. 2012) were used to assess physical selfconcept. Physical activity (scope (number of steps) and intensity) of pupils in physical education class was measured using the CoachGear pedometer and the Suunto Memory Belt heart rate monitor. The presented results indicate the existence of significant differences among the groups of respondents of both sexes in relation to the level of physical activity of pupils of younger school age. Based on the obtained findings, it can be concluded that the expressed differences are greater in boys than in girls. The results published in this study support most of the findings indicating differences in motivation and physical self-concept. It was further determined that less active children generally show lower levels of motivation, as well as the values of the physical self-concept. The authors believe that in the planning and programming of physical education classes, emphasis must be placed on creating a favorable “climate” for teaching. Initial education of preschool and primary school teachers must be innovated in accordance with the new requirements and expectations that society puts before school physical education.

Keywords: Euclidean index, physical self-concept, cluster analysis, motivational orientation of pupils, physical education classes.

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