Утицај пливања у развоју моторичких способности ученика млађег школског узраста

Владан M. Марковић, Универзитет Сингидунум, Факултет за физичко васпитање и менаџмент у спорту, Београд, Србија
Владимир Р. Живановић, Универзитет у Београду, Факултет за образовање учитеља и васпитача, Београд, Србија, имејл: vladimir.zivanovic@uf.bg.ac.rs
Иновације у настави, XXXVII, 2024/1, стр. 107–114

 

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DOI: 10.5937/inovacije2401107M

 

Резиме: Циљ овог истраживања односио се на утицај пливања на развој моторичких способности ученика млађег школског узраста, као и дефинисање способности које се највише развијају под утицајем тренинга пливања. Анализиране су разлике у антропометријским карактеристикама и моторичким способностима између две групе ученика. Једну групу су чинили ученици који, осим наставе физичког и здравственог васпитања, тренирају пливање (ученици/пливачи), а другу ученици који се не баве додатним организованим физичким активностима (ученици). Узорак испитаника обухватио је 18 ученика београдског пливачког клуба „Морнар”, и 17 ученика ОШ „Бранко Радичевић” из Панчева, сви узраста 10 година ± 6 месеци. Осим основне антропометрије, реализована је и процена моторичких способности помоћу тестова снаге, брзине, издржљивости, флексибилности, агилности, равнотеже и координације. Анализирајући разлике помоћу т-теста за независне узорке, група ученика/пливача је показала генерално боље резултате, а статистички значајна разлика између група на нивоу значајности (p<.005) утврђена је у пет моторичких тестова: скок удаљ из места, искрет палицом, лежање‒сед за 30 сек., претклон у седу и издржај у згибу. Добијени резултати истраживања указују на то да пливање, као базична физичка активност, позитивно утиче на развој моторичких способности ученика млађег школског узраста, а нарочито на снагу и флексибилност. Препоруке аутора иду у правцу поклањања веће пажње пливању као физичкој активности која има позитиван утицај на развој моторичких способности ученика.

Кључне речи: физичка активност, млађи школски узраст, пливање, моторичке способности.

 

Summary: The aim of this research is related to the influence of swimming on the development of motor abilities of students of younger school age, as well as defining the skills that are most developed under the influence of swimming. Differences in anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities between the two groups of students were analysed. One group consisted of students who, in addition to physical and health education classes, practice swimming (students/swimmers), and the second group consisted of students who do not engage in any additional organised physical activities (students). The sample of the respondents included 18 students, members of the Belgrade swimming club “Mornar” and 17 students of “Branko Radičević” primary school from Pančevo, all aged 10 years ± 6 months. In addition to basic anthropometry, an assessment of motor abilities was also carried out, with the help of the tests of strength, speed, endurance, flexibility, agility, balance, and coordination. By analysing the differences using the t-test for independent samples, the group of students/swimmers showed generally better results, and a statistically significant difference between the groups at the level of significance (p<.005) was found in five motor tests: Standing long jump, Stick twist, Lying-sitting for 30 sec., Seated forward bend, and Bent arm hang. The obtained research results indicate that swimming, as a basic physical activity, has a positive effect on the development of the motor abilities of the students of younger school age, especially on strength and flexibility. The authors’ recommendations go in the direction of paying more attention to swimming as a physical activity that has a positive impact on the development of students’ motor abilities.

Кeywords: physical activity, younger school age, swimming, motor abilities

 

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