Преваленца гојазности код деце основношколског узраста

Зоран Б. Пајић, Универзитет у Београду, Факултет спорта и физичког васпитања, имејл: zoran.pajic@fsfv.bg.ac.rs
Бранко Ђ. Гардашевић, Висока школа струковних студија Спортска академија Београд
Саша Т. Јаковљевић, Универзитет у Београду, Факултет спорта и физичког васпитања

Иновације у настави, XXIX, 2016/1, стр. 105–114

doi:10.5937/inovacije1601105P

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Резиме: Циљ ове студије је био да се утврди преваленца гојазности код деце основношколског узраста из неколико случајно изабраних oсновних школа у Београду, те да се предложе превентивне мере које могу да се спроводе, пре свега, у време боравка деце у школи. Резултати су добијени антропометријским мерењем двеста четрдесет три детета (сто двадесет дечака и сто двадесет три девојчицe) свих разреда основне школе (од првог до осмог) са подручја Београда. Мерења морфолошких карактеристика деце су спроведена стандардним поступцима антропометријских мерења и анализе састава тела, при чему су коришћени ласерски антропометар високе прецизности и „Body composition“ монитор са пратећим софтвером за процене варијабли од шесте године живота. Добијени резултати се, у појединим варијаблама, незнатно разликују, док се у другим варијаблама слажу са резултатима добијеним у другим студијама. У стању предгојазности је 30% деце, а 8% је у стању гојазности. Анализом разлика у резултатима испитаника по полу показано је да су 33% дечака и 27% девојчица са повишеном телесном масом (предгојазни – БМИ ≥ 85th %ile), а 12% дечака и 4% девојчица су гојазни (БМИ ≥ 95th %ile). Због повезаности са бројним факторима ризика за настанак масовних незаразних болести, трендове гојазности деце је неопходно брижљиво и континуирано пратити, те обратити пажњу на превенцију гојазности, пре свега, васпитно-образовним програмима о исхрани и квалитеним физичким васпитањем.

Кључне речи: гојазност, мониторинг, ученик, основна школа, настава физичког васпитања.

 

Summary: The aim of this study has been to determine prevalence of obesity of children of primary school age from several randomly chosen primary schools in Belgrade, so that preventive measures should be proposed, first of all during children’s staying at school. The results were obtained by anthrop-metric measuring of 243 children (120 boys and 123 girls) of all grades of the primary school (1st to 8th) from the territory of Belgrade. Measuring morphological characteristics of children were done by standard approaches of anthropometric measuring and analysis of body composition, and for this purpose laser anthropometry of high precision and “Body composition” monitor was used with the accompanying software for estimation the variables from the 6th year of life. In some variables, the given results differ insignificantly, whereas with in other variables they match the results of other studies. In the state of pre-obesity, there is 30% of children and 8% of children is obese. Analysis of the results of interviewees according to the gender, it has been shown that 33% of boys and 27% of girls have increased body mass (pre-obese – BMI ≥ 85th%ile), and 12% of boys and 4% of girls are obese (BMI ≥ 95th %). Due to the connection with many risk factors for appearance of massive noncontagious diseases, trends of obesity of children are necessary to observe carefully and continuously and specially pay attention to prevention of obesity, firs of all by pedagogical-educational programmes about nutrition and quality physical education.

Key words: obesity, monitoring, student, primary school, teaching Physical education.

 

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